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Objective:To predict the potential molecular mechanism of Yangxue Antai Fang in treating prethrombolic state of recurrent spontaneous abortion （RSA-PTS）. Method:The chemical constituents and drug targets of Yangxue Antai Fang were collected by Integrated Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCMIP V2.0）. RSA-PTS disease target information was collected by TCMIP V2.0 and improved by Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM） database. The interaction of these targets was analyzed and key target network was constructed. Gene ontology （GO） function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis were further performed. Finally， Cytoscape 3.5.1 was used to build up a multidimensional network of TCM-ingredient-target-pathway. The levels of absorption， distribution， metabolism， excretion and toxicity （ADMET） of the main components in the network were analyzed. Result:A total of 310 chemical constituents and 975 targets were collected from 8 TCMs in Yangxue Antai Fang. A total of 143 targets of RSA-PTS were obtained. A total of 243 core targets were obtained by the interrelationship analysis of drug and disease targets. The analysis of the top 100 core targets showed that these targets might participate in treating RSA-PTS by affecting biological processes related to thrombosis， such as blood coagulation， platelet activation， positive regulation of angiogenesis and so on. Pathway analysis showed that these targets were mainly concentrated in complement and coagulation cascades， platelet activation， estrogen signaling pathway， thyroid hormone signaling pathway， etc. Multidimensional network analysis in combination with ADMET level showed that 14 components （leonurine， paeonol， vanillin， and so on） may play a therapeutic role in RSA-PTS by affecting coagulation factors Ⅱ （F2）， plasminogen （PLG） and estrogen receptor 1 （ESR1） proteins involved in complement and coagulation cascades， platelet activation， thyroid hormone signaling pathway and others. Conclusion:The main chemical constituents in Yangxue Antai Fang may improve RSA-PTS by regulating complement and coagulation cascades， blood coagulation， platelet activation and other biological processes.
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Introduction. Transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) measurement is very accurate in assessment of gestational age especially in cases where the LMPs are not exactly known. Normally value of the transverse cerebellar diameter in mm is considered roughly equivalent to the gestational age in week (particularly between the 14-20 weeks of gestation). It is of utmost importance to identify the fetal growth restriction during the antenatal period because it involves perinatal mortality and morbidity. TCD is a useful parameter for assessing fetal growth retardation. The purpose of my study is to evaluate the accurate measurement of transverse cerebellar diameter as against the conventional parameters in assessment of gestational age in normal pregnant women between 16 to 38 weeks. Material and Methods:It was a prospective cross-sectional study and All data were collected from 100 antenatal women of gestational age 16-40 weeks referred to Department of Radio diagnosis, Father Muller Medical College and Hospital for routine antenatal scans from May 2018 to October 2018 based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: In this study 100 cases were studied. Age distribution of normal pregnancies was ranged from: 18 to 35 years. 63 cases were multigravida and 37 were primigravida. In 95 cases the estimated gestational age predicted by measuring BPD, HC, AC and FL was also closely correlated with gestational age estimated from transverse cerebellar diameter measurements with a p value of 0.001. In 5 cases it was poorly correlating. We found good curvilinear relationship between the TCD and gestational age (R2=0.956) and (P=0.00012). Conclusion: So our study shows that the TCD in the estimation of gestational age is consistently correlating with gestational age.
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Objective To study the anti-aging effect of total saponins of Polygala tenuifolia (PTS). Methods The effects of total saponins of Polygala tenuifolia on oxygen free radicals were investigated by the methods of scavenging hydroxyl radical, superoxide radical and DPPH oxygen free radicals in vitro. The photoaging model of mice skin was established to observe the effect of total saponins of Polygala tenuifolia on mouse skin pathology. Results In the experiment of antioxidation in vitro, the total saponins of Polygala tenuiflora significantly scavenged hydroxyl free radicals (P<0.05, P<0.001) and superoxide radical (P<0.01) at 6.0 and 12.0mg/mL, DPPH free radicals (P<0.001). In the light aging experiment, the light aging model of mice skin was established successfully in group B (model + medium tea oil). Compared with group B, the density of the skin epidermis in D group (30 min before irradiation, 6mg/mL PTS) was thickened, the elastic fibers were arranged uniformly and tightly, the collagen fibers proliferated significantly and densely, and the inflammatory cells infiltration was not found. The treatment effect was most remarkable in group G (30min after irradiation, PTS 12mg/mL PTS), and the skin of the mice was thickened, the elastic fibers were evenly arranged, the collagen fibers had some hyperplasia, evenly distributed, and there was no infiltration of inflammatory cells, which had significant therapeutic effect. Conclusion The total saponins of Polygala tenuifoliahas significant antioxidant activity and anti - light aging effect.
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Deep vein thrombosis is the common complication of trafifc injury , it is one of the dififculties of forensic identiifcation to identify disability grade and the relationship between injury and disease. When post-thrombotic syndrome happens, circulatory system and leg will be dysfunction, caused by the destruction of valve and venous wall and by the blockage of thrombus. The quality of life and working ability will be seriously affected. The impact of different types of deep vein thrombosis on human body was analysised after looking up relevant literatures, then it was discussed that the identiifcation of following questions including: the relationship between injury and disease, how to identify disability grade and it’s best time.
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As internal protein elements , inteins are self-excised from their host protein and catalyze ligation of exteins with a peptide bond .They are widely found in all the three domains of the biological kingdom , and in viral proteins .Intein-mediated protein splicing is a posttranslational autocatalytic process that does not require auxiliary enzymes or cofactors . Protein splicing involves four intramolecular reactions and a small number of key catalytic residues in the intein and exteins . The development of expressed protein ligation ( EPL ) and protein trans-splicing ( PTS ) is assisted by inteins and protein splicing.This review introduces the biosynthesis of backbone-cyclized peptides libraries , and describes the applications of cyclic polypeptides and their prospective applications in the future .
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Salmonella causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from mild diarrhea to severe systemic infections, such as like typhoid fever, in multiple organisms, ranging from mice to humans. A lack of ptsI, which encodes the first component of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) : carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS), is known to cause Salmonella Typhimurium attenuation; however, the mechanisms behind this have not yet been elucidated. In this study, a DNA microarray was performed to determine why the virulence of ptsI mutants is attenuated under low-oxygen conditions in which the ptsI expression is enhanced. Of 106 down-regulated genes, the most repressed were pdu and tdc genes, which are required for propanediol utilization and threonine and serine metabolism, respectively. In addition, half the flagellar genes were down-regulated in the ptsI mutant strain. Because pdu genes are induced during infection and Tdc products and flagella-mediated motility are necessary for the invasion of S. Typhimurium, the invasive ability of ptsI mutants was examined. We found that ptsI mutation reduced the ability of S. Typhimurium to invade into host cells, suggesting that reduced expression of the pdu, tdc, and flagellar genes is involved in the attenuation of ptsI mutants.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Diarrhea , Flagella , Metabolism , Microarray Analysis , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , Phosphoenolpyruvate , Salmonella typhimurium , Salmonella , Serine , Threonine , Typhoid Fever , VirulenceABSTRACT
There is high variability in the manifestation of physical and mental health problems following exposure to trauma and disaster. Although most people may show a range of acute symptoms in the aftermath of traumatic events, chronic and persistent mental disorders may not be developed in all individuals who were exposed to traumatic events. The most common long-term pathological consequence after trauma exposure is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, comorbid conditions including depression, anxiety disorder, substance use-related problems, and a variety of other symptoms may frequently be observed in individuals with trauma exposure. Post-traumatic syndrome (PTS) is defined collectively as vast psychosocial problems that could be experienced in response to traumatic events. It is important to predict who will continue to suffer from physical and mental health problems and who will recover following trauma exposure. However, given the heterogeneity and variability in symptom manifestations, it is difficult to find identify biomarkers which predict the development of PTSD. In this review, we will summarize the results of recent studies with regard to putative biomarkers of PTSD and suggest future research directions for biomarker discovery for PTSD.
Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders , Depression , Disasters , Inflammation , Mental Disorders , Mental Health , Neurosecretory Systems , Population Characteristics , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Synaptic Transmission , BiomarkersABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect of PTS on the related pathophysiological changes and serum IL-6 level at different time points after the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rat’s brain.Methods:The model of focal cerebral ischemia of rat was established by the suture-occluded method.The effect of PTS on the behavioral disturbance,the pathological change of ischemia tissue and the level of serum IL-6 at different time points(3d,7d,28d) after MCAO and cerebral ischemia in rats were studied.ResultsAfter MCAO,different degrees of motion disturbances were observed in all rats.The infarct spot can be observed in all groups except the normal.The nerve cell necrosis can be found in all rats after 24 hour of MCAO.The result showed that PTS could improve the degree of motion disturbance,reduce the infarct spot obviously;after MCAO,the serum IL-6 were increased obviously but could be reduced by PTS.Conclusion:PTS can protect the neurons,reduce and eliminate the infiammatory reaction of cerebral ischemia cascade reaction effectively,which may relate to its inhibiting effect on cell factors such as IL-6 production after cerebral ischemia.